Access to Energy

Science and Humility

Near the end of his life, Isaac Newton wrote: "I do not know what I may appear to the world; but to myself I seem to have been only like a boy playing on the seashore, and diverting myself in now and then finding a smoother pebble or a prettier shell than ordinary, while the great ocean of truth lay all undiscovered before me.''

Even though Isaac Newton's pebbles and shells formed the basis for the scientific and industrial revolutions which created our civilization and Newton was undoubtedly able to foresee at least some of their implications and potential, he never lost the humility with which he placed himself and his discoveries in universal perspective.

During the subsequent 300 years, many remarkable things have been accomplished in science and technology. Still, when one looks outward at those parts of the incredible vastness of the universe or inward at those parts of extraordinary microscopic, submicroscopic and subatomic universe that we can now see, it is self-evident that the minds of men have still just barely started to understand or comprehend the physical world.

This is a perspective that is shared by most real scientists and was once ingrained in the general ethics governing their publications. Until recently, for example, it was not acceptable to include assertions in elementary science text books that had not been rigorously proved. Professional research publications made a clear distinction between hypotheses, theories, and facts. Equation-embodied laws, such as those of thermodynamics, were applied only within the frameworks of the boundary conditions inherent in their derivations.

During the past 50 years, tax-financed science has steadily diminished these standards. The number of people calling themselves "scientists'' has markedly increased in order to spend the enormous tax-financed bonanza, and the ethics of science have concomitantly decreased to that level desired by those who control this money.

Objective review of, for example, current scientific work on the origins of life and of the universe leads to the conclusion that there are various hypotheses and numerous experimental observations, but these studies are barely in their infancy and will probably require centuries if not millennia of work before they are reliably understood - if they are indeed understandable at all by the mind of man.

Yet, science textbooks and popular publications are filled with assertions that leave their readers with the impression that these problems have been largely solved. (The work, however, is not quite finished, so be sure to keep the money flowing.) The advertised solutions are, of course, those that enhance the standing of the secular government institutions that collect tax money and forward a part to the scientists. Hypotheses that favor institutions that the government perceives as competitors are much less popular.

Environmental science now has an especially virulent case of this disease. Global weather is a very complex problem. Science is not at all close to ab initio understanding of weather phenomena, and the great amount of experimental data required for even an empirical understanding is just beginning to be collected. Yet, primitive computer models based on woefully inadequate data and theory are being touted as weather predictors capable of reliable forecasting centuries into the future. Similarly, the global sources and sinks of carbonaceous compounds have been largely identified, but are not yet well understood qualitatively and certainly not quantitatively. Nevertheless, our government is pushing ahead with global controls on carbon usage under the claim that all of this is so definitively understood by scientists that literally trillions of dollars in restrictive economic changes in the world economy should be based upon it.

Scientists are, of course, ordinary people with all of the usual human faults and foibles. It is unsurprising that some of them, especially those whose abilities are below average, would pander to the wishes of those who pay their bills. It is also not surprising that confiscatory government would parade those particular scientists before the public while ignoring those who are not so easily manipulated.

There is, however, also something deeper and more pervasive taking place. Scientists and technologists are losing an essential anchor to reality - humility. This is not justified by their accomplishments.

As human knowledge has increased over the past 300 years, the observable frontiers of the universe have also increased. As we have begun to understand more fully the things close to us, the extent of things we can see has expanded so much that we are no closer to comprehending our observable universe than we were in Newton's day. Why then are we justified in discarding the humility that he expressed? The answer is that we are not justified in doing so.

Moreover, this failure cannot be simplified by dividing "scientists'' into those who have been bought and those who are intellectually honest. Each person carries within him the potential for both.

For example, Linus Pauling carried personal aggrandizement and pseudoscientific assertions not justified by experimental evidence to a high art, yet simultaneously he performed outstanding work on the nature of the chemical bond. Eventually his nonscientific claims reached absurd levels, but still, right up to the time of his death at age 93, he was publishing excellent valence bond calculations.

Paul (population bomb) Ehrlich and Steven (global cooling and global warming) Schneider continue to publish ridiculous claims about global resources and climate regardless of the complete and spectacular failures of their earlier predictions. Somewhere, however, in their personnel files at Stanford there must be at least some evidence of acceptable scientific work justifying their professorships.

Science and technology require rationalism and intellectual rigor, while scientists and technologists are ordinary humans whose minds and lives are also affected by many irrational, self-serving digressions. The ethics that provide an essential barrier between these two characteristics of human beings have required several centuries for development. These ethics are endangered today by formidable forces within human nature and power-hungry human institutions -the same enemies that they have battled for hundreds of years.

It is obvious that, to protect science and technology, we must preserve honesty, integrity, objective experimental observation, rational thought, and the general scientific method. One very important and essential part of that protection is humility. Without humility, our egos tend to lead us to discard the ethics essential to our science.



 • Science and Humility
 • ORDERS OF MAGNITUDE
 • MOLECULAR CLOCKS
 • RADON AND EARTHQUAKES
 • GLOBAL THERMOMETERS
 • IODIDE DISTRIBUTION
 • SAN DIEGO
 • STARK RAVING MAD
 • GOOD READING
Vol. 24, No. 9

Newsletter: Access to Energy Newsletter Archive
Volume: Issues
Issue/No.: Vol. 24, No. 9

Date: May 01, 1997 01:10 PM
Title: Science and Humility

Copyright © 2004 - Access to Energy Newsletter Archive
All rights reserved.